How A Catastrophic Cosmic Collision Changed the Milky Way Forever

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The Andromeda galaxy, which researchers think will collide with the Milky Way in billions of years. One new study shows how our galaxy was shaped by a merger with a dwarf galaxy 10 billion years ago. (Credit: NASA JPL) Our galaxy, perhaps like many in the universe, is a bit of a Frankenstein’s monster. A new study makes a compelling case that a central structure in the Milky Way is actually composed mostly of stars born in another galaxy, brought to us by a long-ago galactic smash-u ...read more

Lost Research Notes Clear Up Racial Bias Debate in Old Skull Size Study

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A plate from Morton’s 1939 Crania Americana. (Credit: archive.org) Samuel Morton collected and studied hundreds of human skulls in the early 19th century. By objectively measuring differences in brain size between people from various societies, Morton believed he had used science to prove that white people were intellectually superior to other races. Modern science has long since shown that brain size isn’t necessarily related to intelligence. Many researchers suspect brain size is ...read more

Having Your Appendix Removed Significantly Lowers the Risk of Parkinson's Disease

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Photomicrograph of a region of the substantia nigra in a Parkinson’s patient showing Lewy bodies. (Credit: Suraj Rajan/Wkimedia Commons) Having your appendix removed could lower the risk of getting Parkinson’s disease by 20 percent, says a team of researchers in a new study. Using medical data from a large-scale Swedish database, a team led by scientists from the Van Andel Research Institute in Grand Rapids, Michigan, were able to tease out a connection between a conditio ...read more

Elephants Count Similar to How Humans Do, Study Shows

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Authai using the touch screen to demonstrate her counting abilities. (Credit: Ethological Society and Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2018) Asian elephants seem to know their numbers, according to a study published yesterday in the Journal of Ethology. Lead author Naoko Irie and colleagues at SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science) trained a 14-year old elephant named Authai to use a touch panel in order to test ...read more

Soil Takes Decades to Catch Up to Climate Changes

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(Credit: Saroj Khuendee/Shutterstock) (Inside Science) — Soil bacteria respond dramatically to changes in climate, but the full impacts aren’t felt for at least half a century, according to new research. The findings suggest that today’s climate conditions will continue to cause upheaval in the soil for decades. A team of Chinese and American researchers analyzed data from soil samples collected in recent years from 144 sites in Tibet, the U.S. and Canada. Next, they use ...read more