As rising floodwaters assault Venice, there’s now an 85% chance that 2019 will come in as second warmest year

This anomaly map shows how temperatures departed last month from the long-term average. (Note: The temperature scale is in Celsius. Source: NASA GISS)

Two U.S. agencies have now released their global warming report cards for last month, and they both show the same depressing grade:

Of the 139 Octobers since 1880, last month was the second warmest on record.

A third analysis,